Contents:

Protocol for paging Trauma team The Trauma Team Primary Survey Secondary Survey Radiology Placement Head injuries Spinal Injuries Chest Injury Blunt abdominal Trauma Penetrating abdominal Trauma Urological Injuries Eye Trauma

Hand Injuries Burns Carbon monoxide poisoning Obstetric Trauma Paediatric Trauma Paediatric resuscitation chart Hypothermia Universal Precautions Blood Alcohol Testing Patient transfers into Liverpool Patient transfers out of Liverpool Telephone numbers Acknowledgments

EXAMINATION

For visual acuity use a Snellen Chart at 6m. If a chart is not available - can the patient read print?

If the patient cannot see chart:

• count fingers.
• hand movements.
• light perception.

If cannot open eyes, shine a bright light through the eyelids

If any of the following injuries are suspected, then contact an ophthalmologist for help in management.

EYELID LACERATIONS

• subcutaneous tissue.
• lid margin.
• inner canthus.

EYEBALL (gently open eyelids, never use force)

• UNABLE TO SEE EYEBALL.
• LACERATION OF EYEBALL
  • conjunctiva only.
  • cornea and sclera.
  • depth of anterior chamber reduced or increased (compare with fellow eye).
  • pupil distortion.
  • unable to see fundus.
• BLEEDING
  • Anterior chamber (hyphaema).
• SUSPECTED FOREIGN BODY
  • on eye.
  • in eye or orbit.

FRACTURES

• Clinical Evidence (including limitation of eye movements)
• X-Rays

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